Acid-base titration stands as a fundamental analytical technique used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution. This process involves the gradual addition of a known solution, called the titrant, to a solution of uncertain concentration until the reaction between the acid and base is neutralized. The point at which this occurs, known a

In acid-base titrations, the equivalence point signifies the precise stage when the {acid|titrant and base have completely canceled each other. This crucial landmark is often signaled by a noticeable change in the indicator's color, though it may not always be visible. To effectively pinpoint this boundary, techniques like using an color-changing r